Waterproof, moisture-proof industry knowledge explanation I

First, exterior wall once water seepage, repair is a very troublesome thing, is not necessarily repair can cure the root, shear wall seepage mainly in the external wall after the wall position and template bolt hole, bolt hole with peng bloated full of concrete filling, after the wall position, 1, external wall reinforcement, when building the wall must pay attention to the quality of masonry, mortar should be full, brick should be watered and moist, otherwise it will leave hidden trouble for water seepage, 2, paste porcelain brick wall and concrete wall to hang steel wire mesh, can also do waterproof treatment of special parts. 3, when plastered tiles to full mortar, most workers stick porcelain ceramic tile tile corner position can not play on the ash, four pieces of this tile corner paste in a piece is a large pore, hook and no hook, it will form a small reservoir, not only cause water seepage, winter ice will also cause porcelain chip off.

Second, high-rise exterior wall seepage, mainly from several aspects:
1, external wall waterproof layer construction quality problems, resulting in sand holes or waterproof layer joints did not do well
2, the wall cracks, mainly filled wall and concrete members of the joint cracks, plaster layer of empty drum cracks, uneven settlement of the structure of the cracks, cracks caused by the cracking of the waterproof layer seepage.
The main preventive measures are:
1, ensure the quality of waterproof layer.
2, at the junction of the brick wall and concrete components nail hanging wire mesh, structure base to handle well, ensure not empty drum, structure design and construction units can not control, can only be construction according to the structure, to ensure the strength of concrete, reinforcement according to the drawing of the material binding.
3, the use of a certain elasticity of waterproof material, can resist small cracks.
Misconception:
1, the external wall tile mortar is dense, bricks greater than 100mm generally use mortar paste, we call it plaster paste here, no matter how you stick there is no way to ensure the density, say this requirement is empty talk, it is impossible to do, unless the paper brick to ensure the mortar combined layer of dense.
2, the external wall screed layer after the waterproof layer, we know that waterproof material is hydrophobic material, after drying and hardening and the combination of brick layer can not be a good combination, hair effect is not good, especially elastic waterproof material.
Conclusion:
Because of the above reasons, the exterior wall tile is rarely used now, and the exterior wall paint or other external decoration is used instead.

Analysis of leakage causes of exterior window and key points of exterior wall waterproofing construction

Cause analysis of leakage in exterior window of exterior wall:
1. Reasons for the quality of raw materials
1) The window frame and sash are seriously deformed due to the temperature difference, the product is irregular, the strength is not enough, the diagonal tolerance is greater than 3 mm, and the clearance with the hole is too large, leading to leakage.
2) After the installation of the window frame, because the mortar around the hole and the original basement screed layer of the wall can not be permanently combined, coupled with the large thermal expansion and low temperature shrinkage coefficient of aluminum alloy window, the window frame side mortar coating will crack, fall off and leak soon after use.
3) Repeated opening of window sashes. The frame is pushed and pulled by vibration, because the window is not surrounded by high elastic sealing material, so that the mortar after installation and the original mortar surface separation gap, resulting in leakage n
4) The sealing strip of the push and pull window has poor quality, premature deformation and failure under the action of temperature difference, so that it cannot prevent rainwater infiltration, leading to leakage.
5) Part of the outer window cover windowsill exterior wall finishing brick joints crack, resulting in rain along the tiny cracks infiltration around the inner wall.
6) Outside the window side window frame is not waterproof and sealed around, only with low-grade glass glue caulking, glass glue premature failure, rain from the outside of the windowsill infiltration into the room under the action of wind.
2. Reasons for design, construction and management
1) The waterproof design of the outer window should be based on the principle of "drainage as the premise, waterproof as the basis, sealing as the key, multi-channel fortification, joint action", attach importance to the reasonable waterproof structure design, the optimal waterproof material and paint grade. If necessary, instructions must be provided so that the construction personnel can correctly master the operation of key parts. Therefore, improper waterproof scheme design is often easy to cause leakage of the outside window.
2) The waterproof construction of the external wall of the outer window is not carefully constructed in strict accordance with the operating procedure and design requirements, and the waterproof measures in some places are improper, resulting in the poor quality of the detailed joints, the sealing effect cannot meet the standard requirements, and the non-standard construction such as grouting and punching are also the causes of leakage.
3) Improper operation procedures of the outer window parts and management measures such as product protection and detection are not carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements, leading to the waterproof quality of the outer window parts can not be guaranteed, resulting in cracks and leakage.